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NIGERIA TRAVEL GUIDE

Country Introduction

After many years, Nigeria can finally breathe a sigh of relief — a civilian government is now in power, striving to leave behind its troubled past marked by ethnic strife and military dictatorships.

Nigeria is a country of striking contrasts. There is a significant economic divide between the beer-guzzling, suit-and-tie-wearing corporate executives who drive foreign cars on the new super-smooth highways and control Nigeria’s most precious resource - oil; and those who endure a grim existence in urban shanty towns or in a countryside impoverished by the near-total neglect of agriculture.

However, these contrasts make Nigeria a fascinating destination. By reading up on its history and politics, tightening your seat belt on those highways, and diving into this always-exciting country, you can truly appreciate its unique charm.

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Quick Facts

Nigeria, often referred to as the "Giant of Africa," is a country rich in cultural diversity, natural resources, and history. Here are some quick facts that highlight the uniqueness of this vibrant nation:

Nigeria has experienced a significant population increase, from 95 million in 1990 to 201 million in 2019. Projections suggest that by 2050, the population could surpass 400 million, potentially overtaking the United States as the world's third most populous country.
With over 500 indigenous languages spoken, Nigeria is a linguistic tapestry. The major languages include English, Hausa, Yoruba, Igbo, Fulani, and Ijaw, reflecting the country's diverse ethnic groups.
Nigeria's economy is driven by its oil exports, with the United States being a significant recipient. Additionally, rubber and cacao are important export commodities, contributing to the country's status as West Africa's economic titan.
The nation's film industry, affectionately known as Nollywood, is the second largest in the world by volume, showcasing Nigeria's rich storytelling traditions and cultural narratives.
Nigeria has the highest rate of twin births globally, adding another unique aspect to its demographic profile.
The national flag symbolizes agriculture (green) and peace and unity (white), reflecting the country's aspirations and values.

Festivals

Nigeria, a country with a rich tapestry of cultures and traditions, is home to a plethora of festivals that showcase its diverse heritage. With over 365 festivals, there's almost one for every day of the year, reflecting the country's multi-ethnic society and the harmonious coexistence of different religions.

One of the most significant festivals is the Argungu Fishing Festival, held annually in Kebbi State. This four-day event, rooted in promoting unity and conservation, features a fishing competition in the Mata Fadan River, alongside water sports and traditional rituals.
The Calabar Festival, often dubbed "Africa's Biggest Street Party," is a December spectacle in Cross River State. Founded as an early Christmas celebration, it has evolved into a tourism magnet, featuring traditional dances, beauty pageants, and the famous Calabar Carnival.

Calabar Festival

Another highlight is the Osun-Osogbo Festival, a two-week spiritual journey that culminates at the sacred Osun River. Participants seek blessings and partake in rituals that have been practiced for centuries, preserving the Yoruba people's cultural identity.
The Eyo Festival, unique to Lagos, transforms the city with its masquerade display, paying homage to the patron spirits of Lagos. It's a cultural feast for the eyes, with participants donning white robes and colorful hats, dancing through the streets.

These festivals are not just celebrations; they are a testament to Nigeria's commitment to preserving its cultural legacy while fostering economic growth through tourism. Each festival tells a story, whether it's about unity, harvest, religion, or royalty, offering a glimpse into the soul of Nigeria.

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SEASONS AT A GLANCE

Most destinations have different times of the year when they’re more or less popular with tourists.

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Climate Chart with avergae monthly temperatues and rainfall

BEST TIME TO VISIT NIGERIA

Best time to visit

The consensus among travel experts is that the best time to visit Nigeria is from November to March. This period is characterized by a warm, dry season that is perfect for wildlife viewing and exploring the diverse landscapes without the hindrance of rain. The dry season brings clearer skies and less vegetation, making wildlife spotting easier, especially in areas like Yankari National Park.

Temperatures during this time are pleasant, gradually increasing as the season progresses. For instance, you can expect highs around 88°F (31°C) in Lagos and 95°F (35°C) in Sokoto at the beginning of the season, with temperatures peaking in March. This is also the time when you can witness some of Nigeria’s vibrant festivals and cultural events, offering a glimpse into the country’s rich traditions and community spirit.

Interestingly, February and March tend to have fewer tourists, which could mean a more tranquil travel experience and potentially lower costs for accommodation and tours. This is an ideal window for those looking to avoid the crowds that typically gather during the peak season from November to January.

For travelers interested in Nigeria’s creative arts scene, November is a particularly exciting month. Lagos, the country’s bustling metropolis, comes alive with various events in film, theatre, fashion, and literature, celebrating the nation’s artistic achievements. Across the country, many festivals such as the Lagos Carnival, Abuja Carnival, and Eyo Festival take place.

If you prefer outdoor activities and sightseeing, the dry season is also a good time to visit Nigeria. The weather is generally sunny and dry, making it easier to explore attractions such as Yankari Game Reserve, Ikogosi Warm Springs, and the Obudu Cattle Ranch.

However, if you are on a budget, visiting during the rainy season from April to October may be more cost-effective. Accommodation and transportation costs may be lower during this time. Additionally, the countryside is greener and more vibrant during the rainy season.

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Snow Sports

Nigeria is not the first place that comes to mind when thinking of snow sports! However, the nation has made significant strides in winter sports, particularly in bobsledding and skeleton.

The Bobsled & Skeleton Federation of Nigeria (BSFN) is at the forefront of this movement, having established a sense of pride and identity for Nigerians and Africans in these sports. The federation's mission is to advance winter sports in Nigeria and amplify their presence throughout Africa. This initiative gained global attention when Nigeria qualified for the Winter Olympic Games, marking a historic moment for the country and the continent.

Hiking and trekking

Hiking in Nigeria is a journey through history and culture, with trails that lead to ancient caves, rock shelters, and hilltop settlements. For instance, the Oke Ado Awaye trail is renowned for its suspended lake, Iyake, and the myths that surround it. The trek is a moderate 4-mile round trip that promises stunning views of farmland and hills.

For those interested in educational hikes, the IITA Forest Trail in Oyo state offers a 12-point trail through a 350-hectare forest reserve. The trail is divided into three levels to cater to different skill sets, making it accessible for families, casual hikers, and experienced trekkers alike.

Cycling enthusiasts will find Nigeria equally inviting, with its varied terrain offering both challenging and leisurely routes. While specific cycling trails are less documented, the country's expanding road network and the growing interest in cycling among locals suggest that there are undiscovered gems waiting for avid cyclists.

The best time to visit Nigeria for hiking and cycling is from November to March. This period is characterized by warm, dry weather, making it ideal for outdoor activities. The dry season offers clear skies and comfortable temperatures, ranging from 77°F (25°C) to 95°F (35°C), allowing you to fully appreciate the natural splendor without the hindrance of rain.

For more information on hiking and cycling opportunities in Nigeria, you can explore resources like Wikiloc, and AllTrails for trail maps and community recommendations. With local hiking groups in cities like Abuja and Jos, and emerging destinations such as Makurdi and Ososo, you'll find kindred spirits and organized trips to enhance your experience.

Best Beaches

Nigeria is not only known for its vibrant culture and bustling cities but also for its beautiful coastline that offers a variety of beaches for every kind of traveller. From the lively shores of Lagos to the serene sands of the Niger Delta, Nigeria's beaches are as diverse as the country itself.

One of the most popular beaches is McCarthy Beach in Delta State, where you can enjoy clear aquamarine waters and sandy floors visible through the crystalline waves. For those seeking a livelier atmosphere, Port Harcourt Tourist Beach is known for its "Sunday-Sunday" vibe, bustling with locals and tourists alike, enjoying the creek-side views and vibrant social scene.

For a quieter experience, the beaches along the Epe and Badagry axis offer a more secluded environment, perfect for those looking to escape the hustle and bustle. Ibeno Beach, boasting the longest sand beach in West Africa, provides a stunning backdrop for a peaceful day by the sea.

When it comes to the best time to visit these picturesque shores, the dry season from November to April is ideal. During these months, the weather is sunny, and the waters are calm, making it perfect for swimming, sunbathing, and partaking in various beach activities. The peak season runs from November to January, so for those looking to avoid the crowds, February and March might be the best months to plan a visit.

Surfing

With its extensive coastline along the Atlantic Ocean, Nigeria offers a variety of surf spots that cater to different skill levels, from beginners to seasoned surfers.

One of the prime locations for surfing in Nigeria is Tarkwa Bay, a sheltered beach near Lagos. Known for its consistent waves and friendly local surf community, Tarkwa Bay is accessible by a short boat ride from Lagos and provides a serene escape from the bustling city life. The best time to catch the waves here is during the dry season, which runs from November to March. This period offers the most consistent surf conditions with clean waves, making it the ideal time for surfers to visit.

Another noteworthy spot is the city of Port Harcourt, which boasts beautiful beaches that come alive with surfable waves during the dry season. The period from November to March is considered optimal for surfing, providing the right combination of swell and wind conditions for an excellent surfing experience.

For those looking to explore the surfing potential in Nigeria, it's important to note that the winter months, especially January, often bring the best surf conditions. During this time, the waves are more consistent, and the offshore winds create ideal circumstances for surfing.

While Nigeria's surf scene may still be developing, it offers a unique and adventurous experience for surfers. The combination of warm waters, friendly locals, and the thrill of discovering lesser-known surf spots make Nigeria an exciting destination for your next surf trip.

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NIGERIA TRAVEL COSTS

The cost of traveling to Nigeria can vary depending on several factors, such as your travel style, length of stay, and the time of the year you visit. Here are some cost estimates to help you plan your trip:

Accommodation: The cost of accommodation in Nigeria can vary significantly, depending on the type of lodging you choose. Budget hotels and guesthouses can cost anywhere from $10 to $30 per night, while mid-range hotels can cost between $40 and $100 per night. Luxury hotels can cost more than $200 per night.
Transportation: The cost of transportation in Nigeria can vary depending on the mode of transportation you use. Taxis and buses are relatively cheap, with fares starting at around $0.20. Car rentals can cost anywhere from $30 to $100 per day.
Food: The cost of food in Nigeria is generally affordable. Street food and local restaurants can cost as little as $2 per meal, while mid-range restaurants can cost between $10 and $20 per meal. Luxury restaurants can cost more than $50 per meal.
Attractions: The cost of attractions in Nigeria can vary, with some attractions being free while others may have entrance fees ranging from $1 to $10.
Visa: Visitors to Nigeria require a visa, which can cost between $160 and $180 depending on the type of visa and the duration of stay.

Overall, a budget traveler can expect to spend around $30 to $50 per day, while mid-range travelers can expect to spend around $100 to $150 per day. Luxury travelers can expect to spend more than $300 per day. These estimates are subject to change and may vary depending on your travel style and preferences.

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TRAVEL TIPS FOR NIGERIA

Here are some travel tips to consider when visiting Nigeria:

Safety first: Nigeria is generally safe for travelers, but it's always important to take precautions to stay safe. Avoid walking alone at night, keep your valuables out of sight, and be aware of your surroundings.
Dress appropriately: Nigeria is a conservative country, and it's important to dress modestly, especially in public places. Avoid wearing revealing clothing, and dress appropriately for the weather.
Carry cash: While credit cards are accepted in some places, it's always a good idea to carry cash, especially in more rural areas.
Learn some basic phrases: English is the official language in Nigeria, but it's always helpful to learn some basic phrases in the local languages such as Yoruba, Hausa, or Igbo.
Be cautious with street food: Nigerian street food is delicious, but it's important to be cautious about where you eat. Look for clean and busy food stalls and avoid food that has been sitting out for too long.
Be respectful: Nigerians are generally friendly and hospitable, but it's important to be respectful of the local customs and traditions.
Plan your trip in advance: Nigeria is a large and diverse country, and there's a lot to see and do. It's a good idea to plan your trip in advance to ensure that you make the most of your time.
Get travel insurance: It's always a good idea to get travel insurance before visiting Nigeria to ensure that you're covered in case of any unforeseen events or emergencies.
Stay up to date with travel advisories: Keep an eye on travel advisories from your government or local embassy for any updates or changes in the country's safety or security situation.

Overall, with proper planning and precautions, Nigeria can be a wonderful destination for travelers.

REGIONS & HIGHLIGHTS OF NIGERIA

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Nigeria is divided into six geopolitical zones, each with its own unique characteristics and highlights. Here's an overview of each region and some of its main attractions:

North-West: This region is known for its rich history and cultural heritage. Highlights include the ancient city of Kano, the Kajuru Castle, the Zuma Rock, the Mambilla Plateau, and the Yankari National Park, which is home to several wildlife species.
North-East: The North-East region is known for its natural beauty, including the Mandara Mountains, the Gashaka Gumti National Park, and the Sukur Cultural Landscape, a UNESCO World Heritage site. The region is also home to the Yola Museum and the Shehu Palace.
North-Central: This region is known for its beautiful landscapes and diverse cultures. Highlights include the Idanre Hills, the Jos Wildlife Park, the Oguta Lake, and the Gurara Falls.
South-West: The South-West region is known for its beaches, history, and culture. Highlights include the beautiful beaches of Lagos and Ogun States, the Osun-Osogbo Sacred Grove, the Erin-Ijesha Waterfalls, and the Olumo Rock.
South-South: This region is known for its oil-rich Niger Delta, as well as its cultural diversity and beautiful landscapes. Highlights include the Port Harcourt Tourist Beach, the Agbokim Waterfalls, the Obudu Cattle Ranch, and the Azumini Blue River.
South-East: The South-East region is known for its beautiful hills and cultural heritage. Highlights include the Ogbunike Caves, the Awhum Waterfall, the Ngwo Pine Forest, the National War Museum, and the Nri Kingdom.

Each region has its own unique attractions and characteristics that make it worth exploring. When planning a trip to Nigeria, it's a good idea to consider visiting more than one region to experience the full diversity of the country.

WHAT TO SEE AND DO IN NIGERIA

Nigeria is a large and diverse country with many different things to see and do. Here are some of the top attractions and activities to consider when visiting Nigeria:

Visit Lagos: Lagos is the largest city in Nigeria and one of the fastest-growing cities in the world. It's a bustling metropolis with a vibrant nightlife, beautiful beaches, and many cultural attractions, including the National Museum Lagos, the Nike Art Gallery, and the Lekki Conservation Centre.
Explore Abuja: Abuja is the capital city of Nigeria and is known for its modern architecture, shopping malls, and vibrant nightlife. Highlights include the Abuja National Mosque, the Nigerian National Museum, and the Millennium Park.
Visit the Yankari Game Reserve: The Yankari Game Reserve is one of the largest wildlife reserves in Nigeria, covering over 2,200 square kilometers. It's home to elephants, baboons, crocodiles, and several other wildlife species.
Go hiking at Obudu Mountain Resort: Obudu Mountain Resort is a beautiful mountain resort located in Cross River State, Nigeria. It offers many outdoor activities, including hiking, zip-lining, and cable car rides.
Explore the Olumo Rock: The Olumo Rock is a natural rock formation located in Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria. Visitors can climb to the top of the rock for a stunning view of the surrounding area.
Visit the Idanre Hills: The Idanre Hills are a range of hills located in Ondo State, Nigeria. They are home to several historical and cultural sites, including the Owa's Palace, the Agboogun footprint, and the old Idanre town.
Attend a cultural festival: Nigeria is known for its vibrant and diverse cultural festivals, including the Lagos Carnival, the Eyo Festival, the Durbar Festival, and the Calabar Carnival.

These are just a few of the many things to see and do in Nigeria. With its rich history, diverse culture, and beautiful landscapes, Nigeria offers something for every type of traveler.

WHAT TO EAT IN NIGERIA

Nigeria has a rich and diverse culinary tradition, and there are many delicious dishes to try when visiting the country. Here are some of the most popular Nigerian foods to try:

Jollof Rice: Jollof Rice is a spicy and flavorful rice dish that is a staple in Nigerian cuisine. It's typically made with rice, tomatoes, onions, peppers, and spices, and can be served with a variety of meats, vegetables, or plantains.
Suya: Suya is a popular street food in Nigeria that consists of skewered and grilled meat, typically beef, chicken, or goat. It's seasoned with a spicy peanut sauce and can be served with vegetables or bread.
Egusi Soup: Egusi Soup is a thick and flavorful soup made with melon seeds and vegetables. It's often served with fufu, a starchy side dish made from cassava or yam.
Pounded Yam: Pounded Yam is a staple side dish in Nigerian cuisine. It's made by boiling yam and then pounding it until it becomes a smooth and stretchy dough. It's typically served with soup or stew.
Akara: Akara is a popular breakfast food in Nigeria made from black-eyed peas that are ground into a paste and then fried into small fritters. It's often served with bread or pap, a type of cornmeal porridge.
Pepper Soup: Pepper Soup is a spicy and flavorful soup made with a variety of meats, including goat, chicken, or fish. It's typically seasoned with spices, herbs, and peppers, and can be served as a main course or as a starter.

These are just a few of the many delicious Nigerian foods to try. Nigeria's cuisine is diverse and varies by region, so be sure to try different dishes when traveling to different parts of the country.

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WHERE TO STAY IN NIGERIA

When visiting Nigeria, it's important to consider areas that offer convenient access to amenities, attractions, and transportation hubs.

For your first visit to Nigeria, choosing the right base is crucial to experiencing the country's diverse culture, attractions, and vibrant cities. Here's a breakdown of top areas and accommodations:

Where To Stay In Lagos:

Lagos is Nigeria's economic and cultural hub, offering a mix of bustling markets, stunning beaches, and vibrant nightlife.

Budget Accommodation: Consider staying at Ibis Lagos Ikeja for affordable rooms and a convenient location near the airport and major attractions.
Mid-range Accommodation: The George Lagos Hotel offers comfortable accommodations with modern amenities and easy access to Lagos' business and entertainment districts.
Luxury Accommodation: Opt for the luxurious ambiance of Eko Hotels & Suites, featuring upscale rooms, multiple restaurants, and leisure facilities.

Best Value Tip: Plan your visit during the dry season (December to February) for milder weather and better accommodation deals.

Where To Stay In Abuja:

Abuja, Nigeria's capital, boasts modern architecture, serene parks, and cultural landmarks like Aso Rock and the National Mosque.

Budget Accommodation: Consider Tranquil Mews for affordable rooms and a peaceful atmosphere, just a short drive from Abuja's main attractions.
Mid-range Accommodation: Bolton White Hotels & Apartments offers comfortable accommodations with amenities like a swimming pool and fitness center, conveniently located near the city center.
Luxury Accommodation: Opt for the luxurious ambiance of Transcorp Hilton Abuja, featuring upscale rooms, multiple dining options, and extensive leisure facilities.

Best Value Tip: Look for accommodation deals during the shoulder seasons (March to May, September to November) for better rates and fewer crowds.

Where To Stay In Calabar:

Calabar is a charming city known for its cultural festivals, historic sites, and proximity to natural wonders like the Cross River National Park.

Budget Accommodation: Stay at Channel View Hotels for affordable rooms and a serene waterfront location overlooking the Calabar River.
Mid-range Accommodation: Tinapa Lakeside Hotel offers comfortable accommodations with modern amenities and easy access to Tinapa Free Zone and cultural attractions.
Luxury Accommodation: Opt for the luxurious ambiance of Transcorp Hotels Calabar, featuring upscale rooms, multiple dining options, and leisure facilities.

Best Value Tip: Visit during the dry season (December to February) for pleasant weather and better accommodation rates.

By choosing a base in Lagos, Abuja, or Calabar, you'll have access to Nigeria's rich culture and attractions while enjoying a range of accommodation options to suit your budget and preferences. Consider visiting during the optimal seasons for each location to maximize your travel experience while getting the best value for your stay.

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